# Universe Sandbox 2 accurate representation of gravity

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I've been playing Universe Sandbox for a while now and I have never been able to make a near Earth asteroid collide with it. By "make" I mean, simulating billions of years of known, near Earth objects until one of their orbits intersect. In this explanation Sir Cumference describes that Universe Sandbox 2 uses Newtonian physics to in its simulations. But wouldn't that calculate enough pull from Earth to slightly change the trajectory of the NEO to eventually impact?

We know, with almost 100% certainty that a LARGE NEO will impact Earth (probably sooner than later), otherwise why would we be investing so heavily on the Jet Propulsion Lab's Asteroid Watch program.

Can the game not accurately simulate gravitational pull on those large scales or is there something else (probably a lot) I'm missing? Are all known NEOs not projected to have a relevant collision intersection with Earth?

A NEO only impacts Earth if both bodies are in the orbit intersection zone at the same time, closely enough for gravity $(F propto 1/r^2)$ to bring them in contact. In a simulation, the timestep should also be short enough to detect a collision. An object at a moderate relative speed of 10 km/s crosses Earth's diameter in about 20 minutes; a longer timestep could turn a hit into a miss.

If you're already modeling real asteroids, try some which have hit Earth: 2008 TC3, 2014 AA, 2018 LA. The short observation arcs make their pre-impact orbits highly uncertain, so a few small bodies spread within $pmsigma$ of each orbital element value may improve your chances. Alternatively you could set an object up for immediate collision with Earth at a relative speed of 12 to 20 km/s in any direction, and run the simulator backward to see how it would get there.

The asteroid risk is real, but we should not overstate it. If you visit JPL CNEOS Sentry and use unconstrained settings, it shows only a few objects with more than 1 chance in 1000 to hit Earth in the next 100 years, and most of those are small. Few NEO orbits are known precisely enough to make meaningful predictions beyond that. The Palermo scale quantifies a given object's threat to Earth in the foreseeable future.

Impact probabilities are probabilities because there are uncertainties in the orbits themselves, as well as in the simulation or propagation.

In other words the measurements used to produce the starting points have plenty of observational uncertainties, and the error in the simulation grows due to these uncertainties grows the longer you run it for.

So even if you had a "perfect" simulator, you'd have to run the simulation kerjillions of times to include a thousand slightly different staring point for each of the bodies in the simulation. Since everything interacts with everything (in the case of gravity) that becomes a huge problem. Real calculations use all kinds of techniques to try to include uncertainties in their propagator, hopefully another answer here will expand on that.

Then there are uncertainties in the non-gravitational forces such as outgassing and pressure from sunlight and the solar wind.

To read more on that, see the new BBC News article Interstellar visitor's identity solved and also scroll down to the link that says The full study is published in Nature where an open access version of the Nature paper Non-gravitational acceleration in the trajectory of 1I/2017 U1 ('Oumuamua) is available for you to read.

## Universe Sandbox 2

If you're a space buff and enjoy the solar system, galaxies, planets, stars, etc, then you'll probably love Universal Sandbox 2, as it allows you to tinker around with the universe and display the objects how you want to see them.

A Review of Universe Sandbox 2

Most people took that proverbial field trip as a little kid to some planetarium, where they got to see the stars and all the planets in a way they've never seen them before. Some continue to go to these events and exhibits even as adults. So for every space fan out there, he or she has probably wished at one time to play around with the universe and all its luster, much like kids in a sandbox. Well, good news for you: The Universe Sandbox 2 program allows you to do exactly that. It's a space simulator that will allow you to change and rearrange all the objects and to move planets, stars, comets, and anything else in space to the locations you desire.

Surprisingly, this program gives an incredibly accurate representation of space, mapping it very well and offering stellar graphics that really pop off the screen. The game, although currently incomplete at the time, actually operates just like the universe. The stars wobble, the planets go in elliptical orbits, and everything functions how it should. So in the event you want to play around with the physics of the universe, this is your chance.

What Universe Sandbox 2 is and How it Works

When you break things down, this program isn't really a game. There's nothing to “play” per se there are no levels, you're not trying to compete in anything to win anything. You're basically just like a literal kid in a sandbox, moving things around and tinkering with the program. So while there's no real plot or no real goal, it's still a great sort of program for fans of space who want to see what things might look like when moved around. For instance, how does Jupiter look right beside the sun? How would the Earth look as one of Saturn's moons? These are all things that you can do very easily with this game. And that's part of the point here. It's incredibly easy to get the hang of the controls there's no real learning curve here. Simply download, install and start playing around with the universe.

While it is an incomplete program, meaning you don't get to play around with the entirety of the universe, what's there right now is still pretty special. If you have a good graphics card and an HD screen, what you're going to see with this program is some graphics that look amazing, just like the real thing.

## Universe sandbox 2 mods

Additionally, the developer has no firm release date for the full game, but anticipates continuing work in Early Access for the better part of 2016. It merges real-time gravity, climate, collision, and material interactions to reveal the beauty of our universe and the fragility of our planet. You may run into glitches that would either freeze your game or reset it. All rights reserved. Create, destroy, and interact on a scale you've never before imagined. Universe Sandbox > General Discussions > Topic Details. What Universe Sandbox 2 is and How it Works. View mod page View image gallery Star Wars …

Discussions Rules and Guidelines. How to add CITIES to a planet! Update 26 brings the full Universe Sandbox d… T.co, ScienceLog #2 is now available on our blog! It merges real-time gravity, climate, collision, and material interactions to reveal the beauty of our universe and the fragility of our planet.

Real science, real physics, no supercomputer required. Includes VR support for HTC Vive, Oculus Rift+Touch, and Windows Mixed Reality. 2 So is this a VR focused game? Copyright © 2020 Robin Scott. It merges gravity, climate, collision, and material interactions to reveal the beauty of our universe and the fragility of our planet. More discussions. Digital Trends helps readers keep tabs on the fast-paced world of tech with all the latest news, fun product reviews, insightful editorials, and one-of-a-kind sneak peeks. Universe Sandbox 2 is currently on Steam Early Access, though no date has been set for when a VR-supporting build will become available. In a blog post outlining the game's development roadmap for 2016, Universe Sandbox 2 developer Giant Army has announced it is introducing virtual reality support to the solar system simulator. The memory required is also low, so you can run it on most computers. Create, destroy, and interact on a scale you've never before imagined. Your comment will be anonymous unless you join the community. For Windows, Mac, and Linux Yes. This download is virus-free. A small number of them don’t work or function as intended. 4.9MB ---- ExtraItemsUS2. You can filter your search by including or excluding tags. This mod adds extra items to Universe Sandbox 2. Separate new tags with spaces. Mods, discussions and more by the Universe Sandbox ² Modding Community For how smooth this game runs, its graphics are highly fine-tuned and detail.

This mod adds extra items to Universe Sandbox 2 . We suggest you try the article list with no filter applied, to browse all available. ☀️ T.co, Reimagined Experience - Unified VR & Desktop | Update 26 is now live! Detect and block viruses, malware, spyware, ransomware and phishing. You're basically just like a literal kid in a sandbox, … No. Create any type of planet or modify the Earth to your liking. Colliding planets is just one of the cosmic-scale possibilities in Universe Sandbox 2, a game that simulates Newtownian physics, climates, black holes and dark matter to create one of the most detailed representations of the solar system you can find on a PC. When logged in, you can choose up to 12 games that will be displayed as favourites in this menu.

The elegant, powerful, and open-source mod manager, Upgrade your account to unlock all media content, To enjoy the benefits of Nexus Mods, please log in or register a new account. The powerful open-source mod manager from Nexus Mods.

Run the installer and follow instructions. Universe Sandbox is a physics-based space simulator that allows you to create, destroy, and interact on an unimaginable scale. Create, progress, or destroy is all up to you. Create & destroy on an unimaginable scale. with a space simulator that merges real-time gravity, climate, collision, and material interactions to reveal the beauty of our universe and the fragility of our planet. For how smooth this game runs, its graphics are highly fine-tuned and detail. Add carbon dioxide to a planet's atmosphere to heat it up. Creating a well-functioning galaxy requires substantial knowledge in astronomy. It merges real-time gravity, climate, collision, and material interactions to reveal the beauty of our universe and the fragility of our planet. Signup or login You can filter your search by including or excluding tags.

You can run this game on Windows 7, Windows 8, and Windows 8.1. This mod adds extra items to Universe Sandbox 2. You are downloading Universe Sandbox, version 2.2. Copyright © 2020 Robin Scott. It merges gravity, climate, collision, and material interactions to reveal the beauty of our universe and the fragility of our planet. This results in hours of physics defying fun. - Universe Sandbox 2 - YouTube Make a star evolve by cranking up its age or mass, then watch a supernova unfold. Epic, mind blowing collisions of massive planetary bodies. Universe Sandbox is a physics-based space simulator. All rights reserved.

Spoiler alert, we knew the sun would win. This comment is currently awaiting admin approval, join now to view. Universe Sandbox is a physics-based space simulator that allows you to create, destroy, and interact on an unimaginable scale. Find unsafe settings and passwords, suspicious add-ons and out-of-date software. Then add water. Impact planets with asteroids and comets and leave behind massive, molten craters. This file was last analysed by Free Download Manager Lib 44 days ago. It may sharply differ from the full version of the program due to the license type. The developer mentions that basic support is currently working for its internal builds, and it is aiming to support the HTC Vive and Oculus Rift. 3 W, A, S and D keys won't work 2 Creating a double planet.

It offers a surprising amount of details which you can freely adjust.

Date Posted: Oct 22, 2019 @ 11:34pm. Universe Sandbox 2 gives players as much education as fun. Mods, discussions and more by the Universe Sandbox ² Modding Community Or move the Earth farther from the Sun and freeze the entire planet. To add tags, simply start typing the tag you're after. We also recommend you check the files before installation.

Similar games, like Space Mechanic Simulator and Occupy Mars, offer some similar gameplay. When you break things down, this program isn't really a game.

However, "there’s still a lot of work to do in fine-tuning the experience of reaching out, grabbing the Moon, then hurling it toward Earth.".

## Universe Sandbox 2 accurate representation of gravity - Astronomy

### Universe Sandbox

Hey everyone, I'm going to close this thread now because it's getting out of hand.

My second Earth ended up freezing a 1000 years later, bummer.

So I tossed half a dozen Jupiters at it all for fun, .

No effect other than the fact that those of us who bought it aren't able to play it anymore.

No effect other than the fact that those of us who bought it aren't able to play it anymore.

Real scumbag move. You are mistaken. I have no problems running Universe Sandbox Legacy, and actually prefer it over Universe Sandbox 2.

hahaha, dont you love it when a plan comes together !

Think of it like a merging Star, wham bam holey crap man !

Then go run that simulation, hehe, fascinating.

This program has taught my kids so much, when they visualise the solar system now they actually comprehend whats going on, and TV alone could not really achieve this, with this program you can change your view, that give the kids a really good sense of whats where and doing what, this program, Ive said before, should be a part of every schools education program in the entire country, and maybe even every country of the western world.

I slapped two earths into one orbit, opposite each other in relation to sun, they lasted 400 years before Ceres decided to head for our moon .

No matter where I put it now, I cant seem to repeat it.
The first time it was just inside our current Earth orbit line, they happily passed eachother and did not collide, year after year, but things in the outer system got all funky after about 100 years.

The name change didnt take away anything !

I truly hope you are not using this game as a teaching tool. The only thing that resembles reality in Universe Sandbox is the Newtonian N-Body mechanics. Everything else is pure fiction and not even remotely based upon science.

That is why I prefer the Legacy version. When it comes to Newtonian N-Body mechanics both versions do it very well, and worth the money on just that basis alone. However, the Legacy version does not include all the fictional crap they included in Universe Sandbox (formerly version 2).

Universe Sandbox 2 is about as realistic as a animated cartoon is to the real-world. Other than the n-body feature of the GAME, it is entirely fictional with no bearing on reality whatsoever.

Those who think Universe Sandbox 2 is some kind of educational tool are obviously lacking the education to comprehend that it is not. Nobody who knows anything about astrophysics would ever attempt to use Universe Sandbox 2 as an educational tool, they would be laughed out of the profession.

Universe Sandbox 2 does not include quantum mechanics as has been erroneously claimed. It is based entirely on Newtonian mechanics and nothing else. It does not allow the transfer of mass from one object to another. Absolutely every stellar explosion in the GAME is a core-collapse supernova. The weather system they created for this GAME is a joke and intended to push a specific ideological agenda rather than based on science.

In short, anyone who uses Universe Sandbox 2 to teach children are doing their children a serious disservice and giving them completely bogus information. One has to be smarter than the GAME to know that it is sheer fantasy and not even remotely based on science.

Well tell that to well known physicists dude, what you say can be PROVEN scientifically incorrect.

Just go watch the channels champ and see HOW its used.
Damn champ, I even linked you to one, come on, open your mind a little tiny bit.

There are not a huge amount of programs that can put things we see in physics into moving image, this does a good job of that for doco's, why you cant understand that is pretty incredible.

So based on the fact, it IS used to create moving film in doco's, some of these doco's are pretty popular and on your large TV networks, and utube, is literally, literally direct evidence your flat wrong about this.

In fact a simple experiment with any 10 to 14 year old also proves the point, it actually drives the point home better than anything you can explain on a chalk board.
Open the Solar system scenario.
Show the kids how the Solar systems layout actually looks, where all of the planets are in relation to eachother.

What your not thinking about are the basics, this is where education starts for all children, and an image is a 1000 words, seeing it in motion, really opens their little minds up to that wow moment.

Seeing that, makes this such an obvious no brainer argument, I need not say anymore, every teacher of that age group teaching absolutely does gain an advantage by using this program to show how things in space are laid out and move in basic movement.

We are not running quantum black hole equations here, we are simply talking about the simple things this can teach and for that it is an amazing program.

Im sorry if you can not understand that.

how were you shown, or told about the solar system.

ever used an orrery? cosmological models that are so old, they will continue to grow and expand long after you are atoms.

want to make a better program?

just be thankful this one deals with our known universe and not something like the dark crystal.

how were you shown, or told about the solar system.

ever used an orrery? cosmological models that are so old, they will continue to grow and expand long after you are atoms.

want to make a better program?

just be thankful this one deals with our known universe and not something like the dark crystal.

That is the problem. This program does not deal with our known universe. It makes up sheer fantasy to make it easy to develop.

I have always said that if you are interested in an N-Body simulator, then Universe Sandbox is a good tool for that purpose. However, everything else is pure fantasy and not based on science at all, as they deceptively claim. I have a issue with companies that intentionally deceive their customers.

And yet you only need watch a few scientific video's where they use this engine to see just how powerful it can be in education, because why.

Physicists use this on there doco's.

They use it to explain how things move in relation to other things, for our solar system and loacal area its fine.

You people are talking about a level of physics that for education reasons is not needed until Uni or beyond.
As proven by the programs themselves right now being used in educational places that are prior to Uni education.

So forget the perfect model, we dont have that anyway.
No matter what model you use.
Not even Sean Carrol's version works here.

So as a mechanism to explain how our solar system works, you are absolutely wrong.

You can effectively argue, that every single model we have to date, is in fact not quite correct.

We can create stars inside this program, just as we think they actually form, but anyway.
We can see the layout of our solar system and what effect changing an orbit might have, but anyway.
We can literally give the most vivid imagine, directly delivered into a child eyes, with this program, but anyhoooooo.

We are utterly ignorant, if we cant take a step back and realise that even though its not a perfect simulation it IS still very useful for educational reasons.

Really, thats not hard to grasp.
And I believe if you cant admit that, your arguing just for teh sake of arguing.

The developers claim to be able to simulate gravity, but they do not use relativity. The developers claim to be able to show habitable zones, but they do not use the method for determining habitable zones. Universe Sandbox cannot even do accretion because it does not allow for the transfer of mass from one object to another. Universe Sandbox also completely ignores rotation, density, and magnetism and their effects. In short, Universe Sandbox does absolutely nothing scientifically, other than N-body simulated orbits, despite their claims to the contrary.

When asked about these deficiencies, limitations, and blatant errors the developers said they "simplified" the science for the user. That alone should tell you volumes about this product.

Those using this fictional game as an educational tool must also have a simplified understanding of science if they consider this deliberately deceptive product as educational. Those with a basic grasp of physics consider Universe Sandbox a bad joke by developers pushing complete and utter nonsense while daring to call it "science."

Alaskan is making quite a strawman argument here, The simulation is not supposed to be a true representation of what happens in physics, the sim is here to be able to allow you the user to reproduce a rough facsimile of a system of objects within a limited focused and easily computed set of functions to reproduce the effects of gravity, motion, etc.

This was not made for high end astrophysical study to give you and actual very accurate model with all the bells and whistles that would occur in a natural state. the first argument you make can easily prove that this is the case since if you have any knowledge of how vastly computationally expensive a true model with relativity included then you would not even have to think why it is not included in this sim intended for the general population.

The case that this sim can be used to show a grade school student some very loose concept of what goes on in space isn't hard to grasp, you are teaching a person who may not even know the principles of gravity or motion to be able to just see this in action on a newtonian level can generate much interest in any student interested in the topic, these minds will not be Steven Hawkings or De Grasse Tysons, so I fail to see why they need to be shown something that is so utterly complex, these ppl could easily apply to a relevant NASA/CERN/ESA etc and have access to those more accurate models if they wish. Asking that much of a simluation game on steam only shows how unrealistic your expectations are of this title.

## Universe Sandbox!

I recently got Universe Sandbox for my 12 year old. He suggested it to his science teacher and they will get it for demonstrating gravitational effect over time with celestial objects.

Create what you want and fast forward in time or go back in time to explore.

Was reading that the simulation has some limits for speeding up and seeing the practical effects like you can't fast forward too quickly or the simulation engine can't accurately keep orbital paths or black hole gravity accurate, but if kept within engines limits (which is very good) you can watch as you turn a planet like earth into a black hole and watch our solar system get eaten, or collide two galaxies together to see what the effects are.

It's very cool software and kids like my son with great interest in space can actively design universe objects and build what they like, then watch as time and gravity take their paths.

Didn't see any recent posts on this so if any didn't already know about it, I thought it worth posting about.

### #2 winstar

I recently got Universe Sandbox for my 12 year old. He suggested it to his science teacher and they will get it for demonstrating gravitational effect over time with celestial objects.

Create what you want and fast forward in time or go back in time to explore.

Was reading that the simulation has some limits for speeding up and seeing the practical effects like you can't fast forward too quickly or the simulation engine can't accurately keep orbital paths or black hole gravity accurate, but if kept within engines limits (which is very good) you can watch as you turn a planet like earth into a black hole and watch our solar system get eaten, or collide two galaxies together to see what the effects are.

It's very cool software and kids like my son with great interest in space can actively design universe objects and build what they like, then watch as time and gravity take their paths.

Didn't see any recent posts on this so if any didn't already know about it, I thought it worth posting about.

^I know this is an old post, but I wondered if anyone else here had the software. I have Universe Sandbox 2, and have gotten a lot of enjoyment out of it. I like opening the galaxy collision simulation, and giving one of the black holes 100 or 1000 times more mass than the other one. Also like the simulation where the binary black holes pass thru the solar system. It's interesting to see how the effects on Earth are modeled.

It's very usefully for asking what if type of questions and getting approximate answers.
I expect it to get the gross behaviour correct except where relativistic speeds and huge masses are involved.

You could try asking your question on its web site forum http://universesandbox.com/forum/index.php?board=7.0

You can increase its accuracy by setting the simulation options to accurate mode and changing to variable time period where the speed accuracy slider is to the far right (green).

You could try running it for say a 100 years and see how much the orbital parameters have changed.
It does not allow for relativistic effects.

I think Gravity Simulator is a better program. More complex and less user-friendly perhaps, but better.

>I put Saturn in close to mars and nothing happened
Define close. Turn on hill sphere display. Did either enter the others hills sphere. Yes even without this moving Saturn would have an effect but it might take awhile to be visible. Gravity is a very weak force and the gravity of the planets is quite small in comparison to the sun.
My experience with Sandbox is that its very good.

As far as I am aware both Sandbox and Gravity Simulator have the option of using a 4th order runge kutta method as their highest accuracy mode.

If you want long term accuracy in a numerical n-body simulation then you need a symplectic integrator (preserves energy and momentum)
The definitive implementation used in a number of papers being Mercury 6 written by John Chambers. (http://www.arm.ac.uk/

jec/)
It's written in Fortran, is single threaded and uses ascii files for IO and configuration.

Someone created a GPU based 2nd order hybrid symplectic integrator inspired by Mercury 6 as a phd project (I think)
http://astro.pas.rochester.edu/

aquillen/qymsym/
In order to gain a benefit from using a GPU you need to have a large number of bodies (1000's). The GPU version would be much slower than a CPU version for just the 8 planets.

## Gravitational waves detected

After a potential detection of gravitational waves back in 2014 turned out to be galactic dust, scientists working on the LIGO experiment have announced they have finally detected evidence of gravitational waves. Nicola Twilley has the scoop for the New Yorker on how scientists detected the waves.

A hundred years ago, Albert Einstein, one of the more advanced members of the species, predicted the waves’ existence, inspiring decades of speculation and fruitless searching. Twenty-two years ago, construction began on an enormous detector, the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO). Then, on September 14, 2015, at just before eleven in the morning, Central European Time, the waves reached Earth. Marco Drago, a thirty-two-year-old Italian postdoctoral student and a member of the LIGO Scientific Collaboration, was the first person to notice them. He was sitting in front of his computer at the Albert Einstein Institute, in Hannover, Germany, viewing the LIGO data remotely. The waves appeared on his screen as a compressed squiggle, but the most exquisite ears in the universe, attuned to vibrations of less than a trillionth of an inch, would have heard what astronomers call a chirp — a faint whooping from low to high. This morning, in a press conference in Washington, D.C., the LIGO team announced that the signal constitutes the first direct observation of gravitational waves.

The NY Times headline above is from when the concept of gravitational lensing suggested by Einstein’s theory of relatively was confirmed in 1919. I thought it was appropriate in this case. Wish they still ran headlines like that.

Today, the LIGO team announced its second detection of gravitational waves-the flexing of space and time caused by the black hole collision. The waves first hit the observatory in Livingston, Louisiana, and then 1.1 milliseconds later passed through the one in Hanford, Washington.

By now, those waves are 2.8 trillion or so miles away, momentarily reshaping every bit of space they pass through.

## What If Our Solar System Plunged Into a Black Hole? Universe Sandbox²

Tags: anton petrov, education, #education, space, astronomy, universe, whatdamath, what da math, science, game based learning, space science, what if, universe sandbox, universe sandbox 2, Universe Sandbox², what if our solar system, what if our solar system approach a black hole, solar system near a black hole, black hole and solar system, solar system and black hole, sun and black hole, black hole and sun, supermassive blackhole, SMBH, sgt a*, sagittarius a, sagittarius a*

well before we is getsin dare we is gunna get all fried up likes a mufukin chiken wing in a mufukin deepfrya by dem pulsars blackhole jetz n shyt.all dat kozimotical nukuler Radeon and more shit well befo we gits dare to dat Sagittarius A star nomesayin?

Question, would Earth at the end still have an escape velocity or did the black hole ‘suck’ it all up by then? Alas, the atmosphere?

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If the Earth including the rest of the solar system gets too near the Milky Way’s central black hole it will rip apart all the planets as well as the sun because of tidal forces caused by the Roche limit.

this is phisicly immposipple

Hi dude 5th comment and 10th liker

… let’s not go that far, just think of something closer, what if scientist were wrong about the sun’s age and the sun would extinguish like a candle, tomorrow …what would really happen, huh?

does anything ever plunge into a black hole? don’t both theories of relativity predict such events to be dilated so far into the future that the black hole will hawking radiate away before? For both, a distant observer and an observer approaching the black hole?

What would happen if Earth has more moons?

second comment and anton could you show us in space engine the most likely to be earth like planet and how far it would be and how much time it would take to get there with our things we have now

I’m not worried, because the concept of Blackholes is a case of using zero (0) in symbolic mathematical calculations which justify it to those who are a bit too ignorant to know that that is not a *Number* and isn’t and can’t be a real material object! Besides that, the cosmological consensus is saying that *Time* is warped by mass … making E=MC² a variable instead of a constant. Consensus cosmology is definitely being conducted pathologically with circular logic and math using zero and infinity in calculation(s) …

Earth globally covered in 2000 meter layer of snow. “It’s going to come out of this situation completely unharmed”

How did the supermassive black holes in the galactic cores come to be? Did they come from supermassive stars going supernova? Did they come from black hole mergers?

There is no such thing as a BLACK HOLE it is just when the math goes so bad you cant quantify it any more ….This is all fantasy.

I’m curious when he said ” this is millions of billions years in the future and for all we know human civilization does not exist.”
I’m curious why he said that. I mean the only most commonly reason be our idiotic path of killing one another. Who knows we can be in other planets and such.

Happy holidays! (not trying to be religion specific)

Hello, I have a question, if mars changed its orbit around the sun and got closer to the earth what would happen, same goes with like Jupiter or even Saturn changed closer to Jupiter would its gravitational pull throw off Jupiter and what would it do to the whole solar system?

I have to ask, if the earth is “frozen” wouldn’t it have life in the depths of the sea, closer to the core. We can see that now, all that “ugly fish”.

is our middle black hole bigger than the biggest blackhole?

who thinks that the earth looks cool when its white?

How many AU’s equal lightyear?

Welcome to our new home Hoth

Budget “tanning” bed if this was real: go outside
and by tanning, I mean if you are a white person, you would probably turn into a black person.
seriously though, do black holes have enough ionizing radiation to do this?

10^16 year later 10,000,000,000,000,000 year Humans will be a galactic species who has been established through out the 7 closest galaxies to to our own.

we would never reach sag EVER. the tidal forces of our barred galaxy would tear any solid matter to atoms or scorch them until they can be ripped apart. first thing that would happen is our atmosphere would be torn away before we even nearly got there. our gravity would increase immensely just by a rogue black hole. but sag a or b are surrounded by stars and other black holes. our system would be destroyed long before this could happen , also Jupiter could also be ignited and thats a whole new game. I implore you to read more about these sciences (that are flawed down to there very core) and use your own judgment here. the game is cool but NOT NEARLY accurate. procederially generated games are just toys. I respect your channel sir , glad you have a stronger following than i do – i just play games. Kind of like you. but you are basing reality on a fractal. do more research and question your games rules sometimes. would be glad to hear your thoughts than a simulations results. My main point is this. You are good at showing and explaining what the sim shows , but a blackhole like sag a would not just be hurtling through space. Its gravity is incredibly strong ,hence why its locked in the center of our galaxy. not saying its impossible (we know estimated by scientists that we understand 4% of the universe) and we this year found things that defy our laws or understanding. my guess is we understand less than .0001%. if you really want to talk about space gravity , micro cosms , and macrocosims you need to do more research

## Knowledge mix

I’ve made two videos showing simulations of colliding galaxies and I posted them recently on YouTube. I’ve used the Universe Sandbox program for these simulations.
Although not completely accurate , the simulations in Universe Sandbox give good representations of the physical effects of gravity on objects and bodies in the universe.

There has been scientific estimations that the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies will collide in about 4.5 billion years.

The first video is a simulation of three galaxies colliding : The Milky Way , Andromeda and NGC 55 ( or a hypothetical galaxy with the same characteristics as NGC55).
The first two are part of the Local Group of galaxies , and NGC55 is very close to the Local Group.The collisions take place over millions of years and have been shortened in the video to about 2 minutes and 15 seconds.
You can click to view the video in HD and in full screen mode .

The second video is a simulation of the collision of 4 galaxies: The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) ,The Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), The Milky Way and Andromeda. The LMC and SMC are the smaller galaxies to the left.
All four galaxies belong to the Local Group of galaxies.
Sometimes I made the colors of the galaxies and bodies change , based on the changes of their velocities and accelerations. The normal color mode represents the realistic colors of the galaxies.
The LMC has a mass equivalent to about 10 billion times the mass of the Sun , and the SMC a total mass of approximately 7 billion times the mass of the Sun.
Mainly because they have smaller masses, the LMC and the SMC seem to be absorbed by the Milky Way and Andromeda during the collision and after the galaxies get mixed up together . As a matter of fact , the Milky Way is considered to be currently absorbing smaller galaxies such as the Canis Major Dwarf Galaxy, and possibly the Magellanic Clouds in what is called a galaxy merger .
Click on the Full Screen button to view the simulation in HD and in full screen mode.

game language: English

Universe Sandbox is a game that allows you to observe various processes occuring in outer space. Thanks to the accurate representation of forces of gravity, as well as positions and parameters of individual celestial bodies, you can trigger large-scale developments that will decide the fate of the universe with just a few clicks. The gameplay does not establish any specific objectives everything depends on the user's creativity.

The production offers over 70 various simulation scenarios. It also includes over 70 star systems, 70 galaxies and 1000 stars nearest to the Sun, and countless smaller objects. You can compare the size of biggest known stars, observe how colliding moons create new planets, watch the reconstructions of various space probe missions or witness the collision of Milky Way with the Andromeda galaxy. During the simulation, the user can speed up or slow down the passage of time, manipulate the magnitude of gravity, modify the mass of celestial bodies, and even add completely new space objects.

The developers have prepared several example events, but Universe Sandbox offers also an editor that allows you to create your own original scenarios. Thanks to this feature, the production can be a very useful tool for persons interested in astrophysics as a hobby or even working professionally in the field.

The visuals of Universe Sandbox match the high level of realism of this production. Depending on your needs, you may employ additional visual filters. For example: when observing some of the events, changing the color palette to depict the movement speed or the temperature of objects can be very useful. You may also freely manipulate the camera angle and zoom levels. The production does not include any kind of soundtrack or background music. Instead, it exposes the user to the distinctive silence of the void.

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